This map of the Caucasus from 1801 emphasizes its that it is an isthmus between the Black and Caspian Seas. It also clearly delineates the mountain range, where most of the fighting took place, from the “Zakavkaz’e.” or “beyond the Caucasus,” Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan.
This is the pattern of how the different territories in the Caucasus “joined” the Russian empire. Even if you don’t read Russian, you can still read the dates and follow the pattern of “joining.”
How the Caucasus became a part of the Russian Empire in the 19th century.
Caucasian Battle Sites
Where the fighting took place
The Crimean War
Allegorical/Satirical map of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877
1897 Rand McNally Map of Europe
